Isistimu yokulawula ukunyakaza isistimu yobuchwepheshe esetshenziselwa ukulawula ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwento. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-automation yezimboni, amarobhothi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC, neminye imikhakha. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukulawula ukunyakaza kwento elawulwayo eduze kwe-trajectory enqunywe kusengaphambili, isivinini, noma i-torque ngokulawula isenzo se-actuator.
Izingxenye eziyisisekelo zesistimu yokulawula ukunyakaza zihlanganisa isilawuli, umshayeli, i-actuator, nedivayisi yempendulo. Isilawuli "ingqondo" yesistimu, ngokuvamile ehlanganisa iphrosesa eshumekiwe noma i-PLC (I-Programmable Logic Controller). Inesibopho sokukhiqiza imiyalo yokulawula ngokusekelwe ku-trajectory yokunyakaza esethiwe. Umshayeli uguqula amasignali kagesi wesilawuli abe amasignali amandla adingwa i-actuator, njenge-voltage noma i-current yenjini. I-actuator ingxenye ekhiqiza ukunyakaza ngokuqondile, futhi izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa ama-servo motors, ama-stepper motors, noma ama-hydraulic/pneumatic devices. Amadivayisi empendulo (njengamakhodi nezifaki khodi zolayini) aqapha indawo yangempela ye-actuator, isivinini, noma amandla akhe ngesikhathi sangempela futhi abuyisele le datha kusilawuli, enze isistimu yokulawula iluphu{5}}evaliwe.
Izimiso zokusebenza zamasistimu okulawula ukunyakaza zingahlukaniswa zibe izindlela ezivuliwe-eziluphu futhi ezivaliwe{1}}eziluphu. Vula-amasistimu eluphu ancike kuphela emiyalweni yesilawuli esethiwe futhi awaqapheli okuphumayo kwangempela, okuholela ekunembeni okuphansi. Zifanele izicelo lapho ukunemba kungekona okubalulekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu avaliwe{6}}aluphu, asebenzisa izindlela zokuphendula ukuze aqhathanise ngokuqhubekayo ukuchezuka phakathi kokukhiphayo kwangempela nevelu eqondiwe futhi alungise amasiginali okulawula ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaleyo ndlela aqinisekise ukulawulwa kokunyakaza okunembayo okuphezulu{7}. Isibonelo, kusistimu ye-servo, isilawuli silungisa ngokuguqukayo idrayivu yemoto yamanje ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yephutha lendawo evela kusishumeki, okuvumela ingalo yerobhothi ukuthi ifinyelele ngokunembile indawo eqondiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu esimanje okulawula ukunyakaza avame ukusebenzisa ama-algorithms athuthukile afana ne-PID ({0}}i-proportional-integral-derivative) control, isilawuli esingaqondakali, nokulawula okuguquguqukayo ukuze kubhekane nezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-Industrial 4.0, ukulawula ukunyakaza kuhlanganiswe ngokujulile ne-inthanethi Yezinto kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, okudonsela ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile ezingeni eliphezulu.
